SINIFClass |
YÜK DAYANIMILoad Resistance |
AÇIKLAMALARDescriptions |
||
|---|---|---|---|---|
kN |
Ton - Tonne |
Tip - Type |
||
| A15 | 15 kN | 1,5 Tons | Light Load | For surfaces, fields or green fields used for two-wheel vehicles and pedestrians |
| B125 | 125 kN | 12,5 Tons | Medium Light Load | For park spaces or pavements for tourist vehicles in particular. |
| C250 | 250 kN | 25 Tons | Medium Load | For park and waysides for heavy vehicles, pavements and pedestrian areas at streets. |
| D400 | 400 kN | 40 Tons | Heavy Load | For pedestrian streets, lanes, street and roads (except side gutters) |
| E600 | 600 kN | 60 Tons | Special Areas | Available for factory, port area, airport etc. special surfaces. |
| F900 | 900 kN | 90 Tons | Special Areas | Available for factory, port area, airport etc. special surfaces. |
You can get all the information about the products we use, our works and services here. We continue to work for you.
Ductile cast iron or spheroidal graphite cast iron is a special type of iron, before casting, it is subjected to a special treatment with magnesium in order to obtain an extremely strong structure against impact and long life. The conventional gray cast iron has a low tensile strength and very low impact resistance due to the microstructure of thin graphite in the form of lamellae. The addition of magnesium to molten liquid metal converts these fine graphites into spheres and distributes them globally, and gives at least twice the tensile strength and increased strength to weight of gray iron.
Its high strength compared to the weight of ductile castings makes it possible to make very low weight castings – up to 50% weight saving compared to similar gray cast irons. Low-weight castings have cost advantages in areas ranging from transport to assembly, providing ease of use and reducing the risk of injury during lifting operations. The unique, high tensile strength and impact resistance properties of the ductile castings allow the distribution of sewers to the surface of the manhole cover without any structural loss. This enhances the drainage effect, especially in the critical area of 90mm, closest to the edge. The high strength of ductile castings minimizes the likelihood of errors in normal use, provides additional resistance to impacts in situ and reduces losses similar to those of transport and loading.
Cast iron is an iron – carbon – silicon alloy. In general, the material contains 2-4% carbon, 0.4-3% silicon, 0.4 – 0.8% manganese, 0.1 – 0.8% phosphorus and 0.05 – 0.10% sulfur. Cast irons are divided into the following parts according to the shape of the carbon it contains.
The coverslip is cast iron with graphite in its form in the form of graphite leaf-like coverslips.
Spheroidal graphite cast iron is a spherical graphite cast iron. This cast iron is also called SFERO CAST IRON. A small amount of magnesium (mg) or cerium (ce) is added to the molten cast iron in order to convert the carbon from the leafy lamella to the spherical shape. This specially obtained cast iron is called spherical graphite cast iron due to its graphite structure. The sphere-shaped graphites impart softness (ductility) to cast iron. The broken surface has a bright appearance.
The chemical composition of spheroidal graphite cast iron is generally within the following limits.
| %BİLEŞİM | ||
|---|---|---|
| Carbon | (C) | 3.00-4.00 |
| Silisium | (Si) | 2.00-3.00 |
| Manganese | (Mn) | 0.10-0.90 |
| Phosphorus | (P) | 0.10 Max. |
| Sulfur | (S) | 0.03 Max. |
| Magnesium | (Mg) | 0.030-0.080 |
| KÜRESEL GRAFİTLİ DÖKME DEMİRLERİN MİKRO YAPI VE KİMYASAL ÖZELLİKLERİ | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Type of material | GGG 40 | GGG 50 | GGG 60 | GGG 70 | GGG 80 | |
| Micro Structure | Ferritic | - | - | - | Perlitic | |
The effects of carbon (c), silicon (si), manganese (mn) and phosphorus (p) in the composition other than spheroidizing elements and sulfur are similar to those of gray cast iron. As the amount of carbon (c) in the composition increases, the strength of the alloy decreases. Phosphorus is an element that gives the alloy fragility in spherical graphite cast iron as well as gray cast iron. Therefore, phosphorus (p) must be kept in the minimum amount that can be found in the alloy, ie around 0.10%. Manganese (mn) is a carburizing element. In order not to increase the hardness and brittleness of the alloy, the maximum amount of manganese (mn) in the composition should be around 0.50%. In order not to diminish the effects of spheroidizing elements, sulfur (s) is the most limited element to be used in the formation of spheroidal graphite cast iron. It should not be more than 0.02% in the composition.
The spheroidal graphite cast iron, which has austenite structure at high temperatures, has a different structure at temperatures below 735 ° C. The amount of carbon (c) soluble in austenite is approximately 1%. Carbon (c) dissolves negatively in ferrite. Therefore, 1% carbon decomposes from austenite during the conversion of austenite to ferrite. The decomposed carbon is formed as carbide and solidifies on existing spherical graphites. If all of the carbon dissolved in austenite finds time to convert to spheroidal graphite, the structure consists of ferritic and spherically graphitized graphites that are well dispersed in this structure. In many instances, carbon separated from austenite cannot move to areas where graphite is present. And he won’t find time to solidify there. In this case, graphites are formed in the form of thin carbide layers. These carbide layers disrupt the continuity of the ferrite structure. Ferrite and carbide layers are formed continuously adjacent to each other. Such a structure is called perlite. After this introduction, it is possible to see one or more of the structural components in the structure of spheroidal graphite cast iron. Chemical composition and application area play an important role in the formation of these structures.
There are 3 ways to make cast iron with ferritic structure. To add an appropriate amount of magnesium alloy to the liquid cast iron according to its weight. Heat treatment of pearlitic spheroidal graphite cast iron. To solidify liquid spheroidal graphite cast iron very slowly. Ferritic spheroidal graphite cast iron has very high elongation.
